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Gamma-S crystallin gene (CRYGS) mutation causes dominant progressive cortical cataract in humans

¹ Eye Centre of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
² National Centre of Human Genome Research (Beijing), Beijing, China
³ Zhoukou Eye Hospital, Henan, China
⁴ National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China

Correspondence to:
Professor Yan Shen
National Centre of Human Genome Research (Beijing), North Yongchang Road BDA, Beijing 100176, China; sheny{at}ms.imicams.ac.cn] Background: Congenital or childhood cataract is clinically and genetically a highly heterogeneous lens disorder in children. Autosomal dominant inheritance is most common.

Objective: To report the identification of a mutation in the human CRYGS gene.

Subjects and methods: A large six generation family affected by progressive polymorphic cortical cataract was investigated. After excluding loci for known cataract candidate genes using 39 fluorescent microsatellite markers, a whole genome scan was carried out.

Results: The disease was associated with inheritance of a 20.7 cM locus on chromosome 3q26.3-qter, with a maximum LOD score of 6.34 ( = 0) at marker D3S1602. Haplotype analysis indicated that the disease gene lay at approximately 2.8 Mb physical intervals between D3S1571 and D3S3570 and contained CRYGS on 3q27.3. By sequencing the CRYGS gene, a distinct 1619GT (AC068631) heterozygous missense mutation in exon 2 was identified, co-segregating with the disease phenotype in this family and resulting in a glycine (GGC) to valine residue (GTC) substitution in codon 18 (NP_060011).

Conclusions: This report is the first description of a mutation in CRYGS with autosomal dominant cataract in humans.

Keywords: CRYGS; congenital cataract